Papillomatosis of the genital organs increases the risk of infection for both partners and complicates intimate life, and during childbirth it is often transmitted from woman to child.
Causes
The main reason for the formation of growths is HPV, which enters the body in various ways. It enters the cells of the squamous epithelium and remains in them for a long time without making itself known. The patient may not be aware of such infection until the prerequisites for its multiplication and development of neoplasms arise. With a decrease in immunity, growths often appear on the body.
Experts identify factors that increase the risk of growths:
- frequent stress;
- physical and nervous overwork;
- avitaminosis;
- decreased immunity;
- old age of the patient;
- too many sexual partners;
- smoking, alcohol abuse;
- taking oral contraceptives for a long time.
The causes of papillomas can be hidden in endocrine disorders, pathologies of the digestive system and excess weight. The incubation period lasts about a year, and if the immune system is working well, the infection may not show up. HPV is often transmitted through contact with infected objects in everyday life, when using ordinary washcloths, razors, and towels. The infection can occur through sexual intercourse or from a woman to a child during childbirth.
Points of view
Dermatologists distinguish several types of papillomas:
- Simple. The neoplasm looks like a cauliflower or a cockscomb, the surface of which resembles small papillae.
- Plant. These accumulations cause a slight annoyance.
- Flat. The site of localization of such neoplasms is the epithelium of the cervix. Flat papillomas look like flat itchy nodules.
- Filamentous. Such tumors are often found in patients older than 50 years, they look like small nodules and do not cause the development of pronounced symptoms.
- Pointed. They resemble papillary formations, which are located as separate elements and merge into complete groups. In each case, genital warts are caused by certain types of viruses that are transmitted during sexual intercourse. The place of formation of genital warts is the intimate area, the groin, the anus, the perineum.
Angiopapilloma is an internal growth that forms from connective tissue. It adheres to the vascular walls and is capable of causing the development of cancer.
Neoplasms in the visible areas of the body and in the intimate area often cause psychological discomfort and problems in sexual activity. Papilloma formation in the uterus can lead to cancer.
Types
There are several types of HPV, taking into account the possible appearance of cancerous lesions of the skin and internal organs.
Scaly
The appearance of papilloma is due to the rapid growth of the squamous epithelium of the epidermis. In young people, this type of neoplasm can form in areas of the body that are injured too often.
Squamous cell papillomas are round tumors with a broad base and neoplasms with a thin stem. At the beginning of their development, they are immobile, colored in a light or brownish tone. The constant trauma in such formations can provoke their inflammation, cell mutation begins and their transformation into cancerous ones. In the absence of effective treatment, there is a high risk of developing cancer.
Invested
Very rarely, an inverted papilloma appears on the body. The area of its appearance is the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Growth of neoplasms in the frontal and maxillary sinuses is possible.
A feature of the manifestation of the papillomavirus is a unilateral lesion. The germination of an inverted growth in the bone is possible, ending with a lesion of the palate, skull bones, sinuses and walls of the orbit.
Large inverted papilloma causes nasal congestion, bleeding, and a runny nose. When a tumor grows to a large size, the facial skeleton becomes deformed and shifts to the side of the affected organ of vision.
Location
Skin tags can form in several areas of the body. The discomfort is caused by growths on the face, and when placed on the body, they are constantly injured when they come into contact with clothing.
Experts identify several places where papillomas occur:
- Groin area, armpits and lower abdomen with obesity. In the fairer sex, various types of neoplasms can be located under the breasts.
- The area of the neck, face, abdomen, back. On the face, the area of the papillomas mainly becomes the area of the mouth, eyes and eyelids.
- GenitaliaThis area is usually the site of genital warts.
- Internal organs. Neoplasms appear in the tissues of the intestines, stomach, and bladder.
- Feet. Spinal warts often appear on this part of the body.
The place of appearance of viral neoplasms can be the oral mucosa, the bladder, the mammary glands and the internal genital organs.
The symptoms of education
When HPV is activated, neoplasms of various types appear on the skin. Their signs are similar to each other, but there are differences.
Warts
You can determine the formation of warts on the skin based on certain symptoms:
- the size of the tumor does not exceed 1 cm;
- the wart has clear outer boundaries, an inhomogeneous surface, and a density that is felt on palpation;
- the color of the build-up can be from light gray to black;
- the neoplasm has an irregular rounded shape.
The site of localization of growth are mainly open areas of the body, and especially those that are constantly damaged by something. Warts often appear on the hands, fingers, knees, and head in the area of hair growth.
Papillomas
You can independently diagnose a growth if you know what the body of a papilloma looks like. They are skin growths with a fairly thin stem or a flat base. Most of the virus infection occurs in public places with high humidity. It is in such an environment that it feels ideal and begins to multiply rapidly.
Patients need to know what papillomas look like on the body. The first sign of a tumor is a slight burning sensation, a slight tingling sensation in the epidermis. After a while, neoplasms appear in this area. Gradually they stretch and lengthen, their size increases to 1-1. 5 cm.
Often, papilloma on the skin forms in elderly patients and begins to actively increase in size. The area where the growths are found are the chest, the groin area, and the area under the armpits. They are flesh-colored or slightly yellowish. The presence of the virus in the female body significantly increases the risk of developing cervical cancer.
Warts
Genital warts form under the influence of certain types of HPV, which enter the bloodstream exclusively through intercourse. Usually, the area of the anus and external genitalia, rarely the oropharynx, becomes the focus of localization of the growths.
Warts are papillary growths that form on various parts of the body. The individual elements often connect to each other and form a tumor that resembles a rooster's comb in appearance.
Incubation period
Papillomavirus has a long incubation period that can last for many years. This means that it is quite difficult to determine the moment when the infectious agent has entered the body. The activity of the virus can increase under the influence of various factors that alter the functioning of the immune system.
Once in the body, the virus enters the nuclei of cells in the dermis and begins to multiply there rapidly. With a decrease in the body's defenses, small papillae begin to appear on the surface of the skin, which include various cells. They grow slowly and can reach 10 cm.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of papilloma begins with an examination of the patient by an immunologist or dermatologist. The patient's history and symptoms are examined. Laboratory and instrumental studies help to identify the cause of the development of neoplasms in the body.
The standard diagnostic program includes:
- general and biochemical blood tests;
- PCR test;
- biopsy of the material.
On the basis of the results of the research, effective and safe methods of therapy are selected.
Treatment
It is recommended to start treating papillomas immediately after their detection. The choice of method depends on the area of localization of neoplasms, the reasons for their appearance, the form of HPV. How to quickly cure papilloma can only be determined by a specialist.
Cryocoagulation
With this method of therapy, the neoplasms are removed with liquid nitrogen, which causes the water in the cells to freeze and die. Cryodestruction is carried out only if the tumor is benign and does not contain cancer cells.
The procedure is considered painless, but if the skin is too sensitive, they resort to the introduction of novocaine. After treatment of the skin with liquid nitrogen, they turn white and a small bubble forms, inside which a clear or pink liquid collects. When removing growths by freezing, unpleasant sensations in the form of a burning sensation may appear, but they gradually disappear. After cryodestruction, it is recommended to treat the epidermis with a solution of potassium permanganate or boric alcohol several times during the day.
After a few days, the bladder bursts and a scab forms that protects the wound from infection. Over time, it disappears and healthy skin remains.
Surgical method
The operation to remove the papilloma on the skin is considered the most radical method of removal, but it is not used as often. The indication for surgery is large papillomas.
During the operation, the doctor removes a small area of healthy tissue, which prevents new growth of the growth. The procedure is done under local anesthesia and takes no more than 10 to 15 minutes. The patient does not feel pain, and after the manipulation is completed, a suture is applied. The disadvantage of this method is considered to be a long period of wound healing, the formation of scars, scars on the body.
Laser removal
The doctor decides how the papilloma will be treated after examining the patient. The most modern method of removing growths is considered to be laser treatment, before which an analysis is performed to exclude cancer cells. The area of the body where the papilloma is located is numbed with lidocaine. They then act on it with lasers and remove it completely. When treated in this way, the water evaporates in the damaged cells, they dry out and form a scab.
After some time, the skin becomes red, swollen, but this reaction occurs after 2-3 days. The scab falls off on its own after 5-7 days and a delicate pink skin appears in its place.
Chemical attack
An effective way to combat the pathology is considered to be a chemical effect on papillomas. The removal of genital warts is done with special preparations that contain organic acids.
Using an applicator, they are applied to the surface of the formation and cauterized. Under the influence of chemicals, the growing cells are destroyed and disappear.
Drug treatment
Medical treatment for papilloma includes:
- Pills Infection with a virus occurs due to a decrease in immunity, therefore the action of drugs is aimed at increasing the body's defenses. The patient is prescribed to take vitamins, immunomodulators, antiviral agents.
- Preparations for local treatment. A good effect is the use of creams and ointments with antiviral action. For small tumors on the penis, gels and creams are selected that stimulate the production of interferon. To remove growths, the doctor prescribes solutions with cauterizing properties.
Only a doctor can determine whether to remove papillomas on various parts of the body.
Immunomodulators
How to treat multiple papillomas on the body depends on their size and area of location. An integrated approach involves treatment with immunomodulators, whose action activates the body's natural defenses.
There are several types of HPV, so such drugs must be selected by a specialist after immunological studies. With papillomas in women, it is recommended to pay special attention to natural immunomodulators that help restore immunity at the DNA level.
Self-elimination
Treating large papillomas at home can aggravate a person's condition and cause the virus to spread throughout the body. A dermatologist determines the possibility of using funds for self-removal of growths. This method of treatment is possible only in the absence of an oncogenic factor and suspicions of a malignant growth.
Self-treatment of benign neoplasms includes the use of topical ointments, drugs prescribed by a doctor.
Traditional methods of treatment.
In addition to the treatment regimen selected by the doctor, it is allowed to use alternative methods of treatment. It is possible to stop the intensive growth of papillomas and provoke their destruction when smeared with celandine, dandelion or sour apple juice.
You can lubricate the neoplasm with the protein from a fresh egg every day and wait for it to dry. After a while, the dry papilloma will fall off on its own. At the pharmacy, you can buy a special adhesive tape, which is glued for a long time, and then the neoplasm is cleaned.
To eliminate the defect, it is recommended to cut a clove of garlic and rub the growth of the skin with it for several days in a row.
Treatment with home and home remedies is a long process. For greater effectiveness, it is recommended to combine it with taking drugs that have antiviral effect.
Prophylaxis
Prevention of the human papillomavirus is possible by maintaining body hygiene, timely treatment of any lesions in the epidermis, and their healing. To prevent infection, you must use personal hygiene products.
Prevention of papillomas involves the rejection of casual sex, adherence to a healthy lifestyle and increased immunity. The virus is capable of becoming a provocative factor in the formation of papilloma on the cervix and the development of cancer. Women should regularly visit a mammologist with a gynecologist, be sure to adhere to proper nutrition. What to do if papilloma is detected, it is recommended to consult your doctor and not to self-medicate.